HP-UX

This page is a byproduct of me getting ready for HP-UX CSA exam (hpo-091). It may split into more pages latter. I have previous knowledge of Linux, so what I point out here would be HPUX specifics and not neccesary basic and most relevant stuff.

I am making notes here as I go through CSA: Official Study Guide and Reference.

links

• HPUX reference
• HP-UX faq
• UnixGuide compare various Unixes
• HP-UX at HP includes courses and some PDF matrial for download

tips and notes

shell

• misc
  • posix is default shell in hpux
  • rsh : restritcted shell
  • Key shell : key shell, context sensitive shell
• files
  • .sh_history .profile controled by HISTFILE variable
• commands
  • Line completition : Esc Esc
  • history use Esc+K to navigate, shows last 15 commands by default r fc
  • ulimit lock alias whoami who w logname uname getconf id banner cal stty ttytype jobs fg bg wait

shell programming

• commands
  • shift read exit break continue
  • let or (( ))
  • test or [[ ]]
• loops
  • for do done
  • while do done
  • until do done
• variables
  • $? exit code from last program
  • $$ PID of the shell

files & directories

• misc
  • file names can be 256 characters long
• commands
  • cat more pg pr ls lsf file grep
• syntax
  • mv file1 file2 dir/
  • find use for example with -name -size -atime -mtime -perm -type -exec
• files
  • /etc/magic

I/O redirection

• data streams - stdin stdout stderr
  • > standard output, file descriptor '1'
  • < standard input, file descriptor '0'
  • 2> standard error, file descriptor '2'

• syntax
  • 2>&1| pipe stderr and stdout to ..
• tee

environment variables

• environment (global) and shell (local)
  • difference - environment variables are inherited from parent proccess (shell) ..
• syntax
  • $ VARX=SomeValue
  • $ echo $VARX
  • $ VARX="$VARX addblah"
  • $ VARX=`command` (Bourne, POSIX)
  • $ VARX=$(command)
  • export VARX promotes shell variable to environment variable
• commands
  • set unset alias whence export
• misc
  • single quotations takes 'as is' value, not variable value
  • predefined (PATH HOME PWD SHELL TERM PS1 PS2 MANPATH TZ EDITOR LOGNAME)

file permissions

• commands umask
• misc
  • SETUID SETGID - to run exe file as user of file
• syntax
  • chmod u+s file or chmod 2777 file for setting SETUID (4 for SETGID, 1 for Sticky Bit)

VI commands

I - insert at ther begginig of the line 3,404w file.txt write lines 3 to 404 to file.txt :m n move current line to after line n :t n copy current line to after line n

kernel reconfiguration

• sysdef (and kmtune: shows tunable kernel parameters
• cd /stand/build
• /usr/lbin/sysadm/system_prep -s system - creates /stand/build/system as configuration file with parameters taken from running system
  • kmtune -S /stand/build/system - queries system for kernel parameters
  • kmsystem -S /stand/build/system - which modules would be in new kernel
  • kmtune -S /stand/build/system -s maxusers=30 - sample setting value of a parameter
  • kmsystem -S /stand/build/system -q ps2 - queries system file for the status of ps2 value
  • kmsystem -S /stand/build/system -c Y ps2 - changes value of ps2 to Yes
  • kmadmin
• mk_kernel -s ./system - builds new kernel using system as configuration file. Creates file /stand/build/vmunix_test.
• kmupdate - schedules movement of newly built vmunix_test to /stand/ on next reboot. Directory /stand/build/system/ has to be moved manually.

devices

• types of files - regular files, directories, devices, links, sockets, named pipes
• major and minor device number
  • major device number stands for driver used for device
  • minor device number is defined by physical location and device specifics..
• character and block device
  • named character or raw device file
    • for serial data transfer
    • on ls -al first letter is c
  • block devices
    • moves blocks to buffer and writes after sync executed by syncer daemon
    • on ls -al first letter is b

• device hardware address

c t d

• mknod syntax

disks / file systems

• pvdisplay
  • use block device file as argument
• vgdisplay
  • uses volume group device as argument f.e. /dev/vg00
• lvdisplay
  • uses logical volume block device as argument
• mediainit
  • formats disk and confirms integrity. uses raw / character device file!
• pvcreate
  • creates physical volume using raw device file
• vgcreate - creating volume group
  • mknod /dev/vg02/group c 64 0x020000
  • vgcreate /dev/vg02 /dev/dsk/c2t5d0
• vgextend
• lvcreate
  • f.e. lvcreate -L 500 -n masopust vg02 creates logical volume of size 500mb named mosopust in volume group vg02
• vgdisplay
• lvextend
• lvreduce
• lvdisplay
• extendfs - with Advanced JFS fsadm can be used without unmounting
• vgscan - manages volumes in /etc/lvmtab
• lvreduce pvchange pvremove vgremove vgreduce vgexport vgimport lvlnboot lvsplit lvmerge vgcfgbackup vgcfgrestore vxtunefs vxupgrade

• metadata - superblock, inodes, directory area
• fstyp
• newfs
• mount
• fuser - manages processes / use of filesystem. Useful if you want to unmount filesystem.
• bdf

backup

• commands tar sfbackup/frecover dd

users management

• id groups newgrp rsh pwck grpck vipws

processes

• nice renice timex trap

printing

• lp lpstat cancel lpalt rlpdaemon rmodel lpsched lpshut lpadmin accept LPDEST lpmove enable disable reject accept lpfence lpana

memory and swap

• daemons swapper vhand
• commands swapon swapinfo

automation

• commands cron crontab at batch

performance and optimization

• commands iostat vmstat netstat lanadmin top sar prmavail, Glance Plus UX, Perfview

LAN interface

network	speed	length	cable	repeaters
10BASE-2 ethernet	10 Mb/s	185m	50 Ohm thin coaxial	4
10BASE-5 ethernet	10 Mb/s	500m	50 Ohm thick coaxial
10BASE-T	10 Mb/s	100m	twisted pair
100BASE-T	100 Mb/s	100m	twisted pair
100VG-AnyLAN	100 Mb/s
1000BASE-T	1000 Mb/s	100m

• terminology
  • DLPI - Data Link Provider Service
• commands lsdev ioscan lanscan ifconfig netstat ndd linkloop
• files /etc/rc.config.d/hpetherconf hpbtlanconf nddconf

Samba

• commands smbclient smbstatus cifsmount ciflist

hpux recipes

• hpux history When attempting to make use of history file I was presented with
  

sh: fc: Cannot access or open the history file.

To fix this file .profile has to be edited. Add following two lines.
HISTFILE=/.sh_history
export HISTFILE

HP-UX abbreviations

• VSE - Virtual Server Environment

to do yet

• cut
• tee - sends output of pipe to additional place (file as well as stout f.e.)
• 'hardware path'